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๐Ÿ“– Daily Reading Comprehension โ€ข Free Daily Practice

Daily RC & Passage Practice

Improve your reading speed, vocabulary, and comprehension accuracy for SSC CGL, BPSC, Banking, Teaching, and State PCS exams. Read the passage and test your understanding with real exam MCQs!

Practice Set #656 15 Questions with Instant Solutions

English Language and Comprehension Sectional Test 11

Question 1 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank: The global transition towards decarbonised electricity grids has exposed a critical engineering challenge: the intermittent nature of solar and wind generation. Because renewable energy production depends heavily on diurnal cycles and meteorological conditions, power grids experience sudden surpluses followed by acute generation deficits. To prevent transmission instability, grid operators are deploying utility-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS). These advanced facilities rapidly (1) [.....] excess electricity during peak production hours and dispatch it seamlessly when demand surges. However, widespread deployment remains (2) [.....] by supply bottlenecks in critical minerals, particularly lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Environmental engineers are actively researching sodium-ion and flow batteries as viable alternatives to (3) [.....] ecological disruption associated with intensive open-pit mineral mining. Ultimately, establishing a resilient and climate-neutral power grid will necessitate a diversified portfolio of long-duration energy storage technologies capable of delivering uninterrupted baseload power across all seasonal (4) [.....].

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (1):

Question 2 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank: The global transition towards decarbonised electricity grids has exposed a critical engineering challenge: the intermittent nature of solar and wind generation. Because renewable energy production depends heavily on diurnal cycles and meteorological conditions, power grids experience sudden surpluses followed by acute generation deficits. To prevent transmission instability, grid operators are deploying utility-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS). These advanced facilities rapidly (1) [.....] excess electricity during peak production hours and dispatch it seamlessly when demand surges. However, widespread deployment remains (2) [.....] by supply bottlenecks in critical minerals, particularly lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Environmental engineers are actively researching sodium-ion and flow batteries as viable alternatives to (3) [.....] ecological disruption associated with intensive open-pit mineral mining. Ultimately, establishing a resilient and climate-neutral power grid will necessitate a diversified portfolio of long-duration energy storage technologies capable of delivering uninterrupted baseload power across all seasonal (4) [.....].

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (2):

Question 3 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank: The global transition towards decarbonised electricity grids has exposed a critical engineering challenge: the intermittent nature of solar and wind generation. Because renewable energy production depends heavily on diurnal cycles and meteorological conditions, power grids experience sudden surpluses followed by acute generation deficits. To prevent transmission instability, grid operators are deploying utility-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS). These advanced facilities rapidly (1) [.....] excess electricity during peak production hours and dispatch it seamlessly when demand surges. However, widespread deployment remains (2) [.....] by supply bottlenecks in critical minerals, particularly lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Environmental engineers are actively researching sodium-ion and flow batteries as viable alternatives to (3) [.....] ecological disruption associated with intensive open-pit mineral mining. Ultimately, establishing a resilient and climate-neutral power grid will necessitate a diversified portfolio of long-duration energy storage technologies capable of delivering uninterrupted baseload power across all seasonal (4) [.....].

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (3):

Question 4 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank: The global transition towards decarbonised electricity grids has exposed a critical engineering challenge: the intermittent nature of solar and wind generation. Because renewable energy production depends heavily on diurnal cycles and meteorological conditions, power grids experience sudden surpluses followed by acute generation deficits. To prevent transmission instability, grid operators are deploying utility-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS). These advanced facilities rapidly (1) [.....] excess electricity during peak production hours and dispatch it seamlessly when demand surges. However, widespread deployment remains (2) [.....] by supply bottlenecks in critical minerals, particularly lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Environmental engineers are actively researching sodium-ion and flow batteries as viable alternatives to (3) [.....] ecological disruption associated with intensive open-pit mineral mining. Ultimately, establishing a resilient and climate-neutral power grid will necessitate a diversified portfolio of long-duration energy storage technologies capable of delivering uninterrupted baseload power across all seasonal (4) [.....].

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (4):

Question 5 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: In the narrow, labyrinthine alleys of Cannaregio in Venice, Maestro Lorenzo worked in a quiet workshop smelling of aged parchment, gum arabic, and walnut ink. For four decades, he had devoted his life to restoring illuminated Renaissance codices that time, moisture, and neglect had degraded. To the untrained eye, the brittle vellum appeared beyond redemptionโ€”its gold leaf flaking, its Gothic calligraphy obscured by mold. Yet to Lorenzo, each damaged page was a living dialogue across centuries. He handled the fragile sheets with surgical deference, using microscalpels to lift accretions and wheat starch paste to mend micro-tears without obscuring original pigments. His younger apprentice, Marco, possessed remarkable digital scanning and chemical analysis skills but frequently grew restless under the Maestroโ€™s painstaking pace. Marco advocated for synthetic polymer consolidants that could stabilize entire quires in days rather than months. Lorenzo never forbade modern interventions, yet he consistently reminded the young man that speed in conservation was frequently the precursor to irreversible distortion. One rainy afternoon, as they worked on an illuminated 15th-century Dante manuscript, Lorenzo revealed a hidden erasure beneath a miniature: a scribeโ€™s hurried marginal prayer. 'Synthetic coatings would have permanently sealed this ghost under plastic,' Lorenzo observed softly. 'Our duty is not to freeze the artefact in artificial perfection, but to let its human vulnerability breathe.'

What was Maestro Lorenzo's primary reservation regarding the use of synthetic consolidants on Renaissance manuscripts?

Question 6 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: In the narrow, labyrinthine alleys of Cannaregio in Venice, Maestro Lorenzo worked in a quiet workshop smelling of aged parchment, gum arabic, and walnut ink. For four decades, he had devoted his life to restoring illuminated Renaissance codices that time, moisture, and neglect had degraded. To the untrained eye, the brittle vellum appeared beyond redemptionโ€”its gold leaf flaking, its Gothic calligraphy obscured by mold. Yet to Lorenzo, each damaged page was a living dialogue across centuries. He handled the fragile sheets with surgical deference, using microscalpels to lift accretions and wheat starch paste to mend micro-tears without obscuring original pigments. His younger apprentice, Marco, possessed remarkable digital scanning and chemical analysis skills but frequently grew restless under the Maestroโ€™s painstaking pace. Marco advocated for synthetic polymer consolidants that could stabilize entire quires in days rather than months. Lorenzo never forbade modern interventions, yet he consistently reminded the young man that speed in conservation was frequently the precursor to irreversible distortion. One rainy afternoon, as they worked on an illuminated 15th-century Dante manuscript, Lorenzo revealed a hidden erasure beneath a miniature: a scribeโ€™s hurried marginal prayer. 'Synthetic coatings would have permanently sealed this ghost under plastic,' Lorenzo observed softly. 'Our duty is not to freeze the artefact in artificial perfection, but to let its human vulnerability breathe.'

Which of the following best characterizes Maestro Lorenzo's philosophy towards artefact restoration?

Question 7 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: In the narrow, labyrinthine alleys of Cannaregio in Venice, Maestro Lorenzo worked in a quiet workshop smelling of aged parchment, gum arabic, and walnut ink. For four decades, he had devoted his life to restoring illuminated Renaissance codices that time, moisture, and neglect had degraded. To the untrained eye, the brittle vellum appeared beyond redemptionโ€”its gold leaf flaking, its Gothic calligraphy obscured by mold. Yet to Lorenzo, each damaged page was a living dialogue across centuries. He handled the fragile sheets with surgical deference, using microscalpels to lift accretions and wheat starch paste to mend micro-tears without obscuring original pigments. His younger apprentice, Marco, possessed remarkable digital scanning and chemical analysis skills but frequently grew restless under the Maestroโ€™s painstaking pace. Marco advocated for synthetic polymer consolidants that could stabilize entire quires in days rather than months. Lorenzo never forbade modern interventions, yet he consistently reminded the young man that speed in conservation was frequently the precursor to irreversible distortion. One rainy afternoon, as they worked on an illuminated 15th-century Dante manuscript, Lorenzo revealed a hidden erasure beneath a miniature: a scribeโ€™s hurried marginal prayer. 'Synthetic coatings would have permanently sealed this ghost under plastic,' Lorenzo observed softly. 'Our duty is not to freeze the artefact in artificial perfection, but to let its human vulnerability breathe.'

What does the word "accretions" most nearly mean as used in the first paragraph of the passage?

Question 8 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: In the narrow, labyrinthine alleys of Cannaregio in Venice, Maestro Lorenzo worked in a quiet workshop smelling of aged parchment, gum arabic, and walnut ink. For four decades, he had devoted his life to restoring illuminated Renaissance codices that time, moisture, and neglect had degraded. To the untrained eye, the brittle vellum appeared beyond redemptionโ€”its gold leaf flaking, its Gothic calligraphy obscured by mold. Yet to Lorenzo, each damaged page was a living dialogue across centuries. He handled the fragile sheets with surgical deference, using microscalpels to lift accretions and wheat starch paste to mend micro-tears without obscuring original pigments. His younger apprentice, Marco, possessed remarkable digital scanning and chemical analysis skills but frequently grew restless under the Maestroโ€™s painstaking pace. Marco advocated for synthetic polymer consolidants that could stabilize entire quires in days rather than months. Lorenzo never forbade modern interventions, yet he consistently reminded the young man that speed in conservation was frequently the precursor to irreversible distortion. One rainy afternoon, as they worked on an illuminated 15th-century Dante manuscript, Lorenzo revealed a hidden erasure beneath a miniature: a scribeโ€™s hurried marginal prayer. 'Synthetic coatings would have permanently sealed this ghost under plastic,' Lorenzo observed softly. 'Our duty is not to freeze the artefact in artificial perfection, but to let its human vulnerability breathe.'

Based on the passage, the contrast between Lorenzo and Marco primarily illustrates:

Question 9 of 15 Not Answered

Select the most appropriate antonym of the bold word in the given sentence:

The philosopher reminded his pupils that imperial fame and worldly wealth are merely transient, dissipating with the passage of time.

Question 10 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: The relentless disruption of global supply chains during recent geopolitical friction has forced industrialized economies to reassess the dogma of hyper-globalized, just-in-time manufacturing. For decades, multinational corporations outsourced semiconductor fabrication, critical mineral refining, and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) synthesis to geographic clusters offering the lowest marginal production costs. While this paradigm maximized short-term corporate profitability and lowered consumer prices, it introduced systemic vulnerabilities, leaving strategic industries susceptible to chokepoints and export restrictions. In response, leading nations are actively enacting industrial policies centered on 'reshoring', 'nearshoring', and 'friend-shoring'. Billions of dollars in state subsidiesโ€”such as the US CHIPS Act and the European Chips Actโ€”are being funneled into domestic semiconductor foundries and battery gigafactories. However, economic realists warn that absolute technological autarky is both financially prohibitive and logistically unfeasible. Semiconductor supply chains span thousands of specialized suppliers, rare earth processing nodes, and proprietary lithography technologies that cannot be duplicated domestically within a single legislative cycle. Overzealous protectionism risks triggering retaliatory tariff wars, inflationary capital misallocation, and inefficiencies that dampen technological innovation rather than secure it.

According to the passage, why is complete technological autarky in semiconductor manufacturing deemed unfeasible?

Question 11 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: The relentless disruption of global supply chains during recent geopolitical friction has forced industrialized economies to reassess the dogma of hyper-globalized, just-in-time manufacturing. For decades, multinational corporations outsourced semiconductor fabrication, critical mineral refining, and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) synthesis to geographic clusters offering the lowest marginal production costs. While this paradigm maximized short-term corporate profitability and lowered consumer prices, it introduced systemic vulnerabilities, leaving strategic industries susceptible to chokepoints and export restrictions. In response, leading nations are actively enacting industrial policies centered on 'reshoring', 'nearshoring', and 'friend-shoring'. Billions of dollars in state subsidiesโ€”such as the US CHIPS Act and the European Chips Actโ€”are being funneled into domestic semiconductor foundries and battery gigafactories. However, economic realists warn that absolute technological autarky is both financially prohibitive and logistically unfeasible. Semiconductor supply chains span thousands of specialized suppliers, rare earth processing nodes, and proprietary lithography technologies that cannot be duplicated domestically within a single legislative cycle. Overzealous protectionism risks triggering retaliatory tariff wars, inflationary capital misallocation, and inefficiencies that dampen technological innovation rather than secure it.

What was the primary driver that originally led corporations to establish geographically concentrated, outsourced manufacturing?

Question 12 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: The relentless disruption of global supply chains during recent geopolitical friction has forced industrialized economies to reassess the dogma of hyper-globalized, just-in-time manufacturing. For decades, multinational corporations outsourced semiconductor fabrication, critical mineral refining, and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) synthesis to geographic clusters offering the lowest marginal production costs. While this paradigm maximized short-term corporate profitability and lowered consumer prices, it introduced systemic vulnerabilities, leaving strategic industries susceptible to chokepoints and export restrictions. In response, leading nations are actively enacting industrial policies centered on 'reshoring', 'nearshoring', and 'friend-shoring'. Billions of dollars in state subsidiesโ€”such as the US CHIPS Act and the European Chips Actโ€”are being funneled into domestic semiconductor foundries and battery gigafactories. However, economic realists warn that absolute technological autarky is both financially prohibitive and logistically unfeasible. Semiconductor supply chains span thousands of specialized suppliers, rare earth processing nodes, and proprietary lithography technologies that cannot be duplicated domestically within a single legislative cycle. Overzealous protectionism risks triggering retaliatory tariff wars, inflationary capital misallocation, and inefficiencies that dampen technological innovation rather than secure it.

Which of the following risks does the author associate with excessive protectionism in critical technology sectors?

Question 13 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: The relentless disruption of global supply chains during recent geopolitical friction has forced industrialized economies to reassess the dogma of hyper-globalized, just-in-time manufacturing. For decades, multinational corporations outsourced semiconductor fabrication, critical mineral refining, and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) synthesis to geographic clusters offering the lowest marginal production costs. While this paradigm maximized short-term corporate profitability and lowered consumer prices, it introduced systemic vulnerabilities, leaving strategic industries susceptible to chokepoints and export restrictions. In response, leading nations are actively enacting industrial policies centered on 'reshoring', 'nearshoring', and 'friend-shoring'. Billions of dollars in state subsidiesโ€”such as the US CHIPS Act and the European Chips Actโ€”are being funneled into domestic semiconductor foundries and battery gigafactories. However, economic realists warn that absolute technological autarky is both financially prohibitive and logistically unfeasible. Semiconductor supply chains span thousands of specialized suppliers, rare earth processing nodes, and proprietary lithography technologies that cannot be duplicated domestically within a single legislative cycle. Overzealous protectionism risks triggering retaliatory tariff wars, inflationary capital misallocation, and inefficiencies that dampen technological innovation rather than secure it.

The author's tone regarding national policies aimed at complete self-reliance in high-tech supply chains can be best described as:

Question 14 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: The development of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing was hailed as a revolutionary milestone in molecular biology, yet first-generation nucleases carried an inherent risk: they operated by inducing double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs). While cellular repair mechanisms often successfully knocked out target genes, the uncontrolled nature of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) frequently generated unpredictable insertions, deletions, and potentially hazardous chromosomal translocations. To overcome these hazards, genetic engineers pioneered second-generation methodologies: base editing and prime editing. Base editing employs an engineered catalytically impaired Cas nuclease tethered to a deaminase enzyme, permitting the direct, irreversible chemical conversion of one target base pair into another (such as cytidine to uridine, or adenine to inosine) without cleaving both strands of the DNA double helix. Prime editing advances this precision further by utilizing a reverse transcriptase fused to a nickase Cas9 and a prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA), effectively functioning as a search-and-replace word processor for genomic sequences. By writing new genetic information directly into specified DNA sites without double-strand ruptures, these sophisticated molecular machines minimize oncogenic rearrangements and expand potential therapeutic interventions for thousands of human monogenic pathologies.

What was the principal biological drawback associated with first-generation CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing?

Question 15 of 15 Not Answered

Directions: Study the following information carefully and answer the question given below.

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow: The development of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing was hailed as a revolutionary milestone in molecular biology, yet first-generation nucleases carried an inherent risk: they operated by inducing double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs). While cellular repair mechanisms often successfully knocked out target genes, the uncontrolled nature of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) frequently generated unpredictable insertions, deletions, and potentially hazardous chromosomal translocations. To overcome these hazards, genetic engineers pioneered second-generation methodologies: base editing and prime editing. Base editing employs an engineered catalytically impaired Cas nuclease tethered to a deaminase enzyme, permitting the direct, irreversible chemical conversion of one target base pair into another (such as cytidine to uridine, or adenine to inosine) without cleaving both strands of the DNA double helix. Prime editing advances this precision further by utilizing a reverse transcriptase fused to a nickase Cas9 and a prime editing guide RNA (pegRNA), effectively functioning as a search-and-replace word processor for genomic sequences. By writing new genetic information directly into specified DNA sites without double-strand ruptures, these sophisticated molecular machines minimize oncogenic rearrangements and expand potential therapeutic interventions for thousands of human monogenic pathologies.

How does base editing achieve targeted nucleotide conversion without cutting both strands of the DNA helix?

0 of 15 answered
๐Ÿ’ก 3 Golden RC Rules
  • โ€ข Skim First: Spend 60 seconds skimming the passage to grasp the central theme.
  • โ€ข Stick to the Text: Never assume external facts beyond what the author explicitly stated.
  • โ€ข Context Clues: For vocabulary blanks or meanings, read the preceding and succeeding sentence.

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